Perry g



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEc PERRY GARDINER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

ROTARY SWAGING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 8,605, dated December 23, 1851.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, PERRY G. GARDINER, of the city of New York, civil engineer and machinist, have invented a new and useful improvement in the working and manufacture of iron and other metals as applicable to the manufacture of wroughteiron railroad car-wheels or disks of malleable iron or other metals, and thatthe following is a full, true, and exact description of my said improvement and of the machinery for operating and using the same, reference being had to the drawings. l

In the accompanying drawing, No. I represents a machine which is constructed in such a manner that by means of transverse rotation and gradual approximation of the two dies or rotating swages, E E, any required round shape or disk whose sides have continuous lines or planes in the circular drection, may be produced, such particularly as a solid wrought iron railroad'car wheel. The metal, first properly heated, being drawn swaged and shaped in and between the molds in the faces of these dies or swages, and which in this case represented in the drawing are fo-rmed to the shape of the outer surface of a railroad car wheel.

Drawing No. I, Figure 1, represents a. longitudinal elevation. Fig. 2, represents the end elevation as indicated by arrow 1, in end on Fig. l. Fig. 3,' represents the end elevation represented by arrow 11 on end in Fig. l. Fig. 4, represents a transverse section at a point indicated on Fig. 1 by a vertical line in red marked f :t i. Fig. 5, represents a longitudinal center section of Fig. 1.

In all the figures like letters represent like parts.

D represents the bed frames or plates which should be made suitable to the work required.

B B B B are pillow blocks fixed to the bed plate at the'bottom to support and hold the shafts V V; two of these pillow blocks are extended upward so as to form standards, through the heads of which and extending from one to the other is the rod or bar N which serves as a brace to keep the standards and bed plate firm and prevent springing.

V V are shafts for communicating the pressure and also the rotary motion, to the ends of which shafts are attached the dies or swages E E. These two shafts with their dies attached have the same straight line for their axis or center of rotation, and have also `the same axes with that of the blank or `wheel or disk placed and formed between them.

V is a hollow shaft to which is bolted a nut c on one end-and which is provided with a flange and thread on the other end to receive and hold the die or swage E which is made to be taken olf, so as that dies or swages of with different molds may be substituted as required.

A A are pulleys or drums attached to the shafts V V, by which a rotary motion by means of belts is communicated to the shafts and dies in the opposite directions indicated by the arrows on the pulleys.

K is a spindle passing through shaft V, (as shown in Fig. 5) with a thread on one end corresponding to the female screw or thread in the nut c (there being also a thread on the other end of the shaft for receiving the die or swage as above described) and having a fianch or upset a, and ending with a core or mandrel like end as seen at Ab. It should be observed that the fianch on this inside spindle limits the movement of the spindle in one direction, and when screwed up tight to the bottom of the inside hole of this shaft the outside face of this flanch opposite to the one forming the thrust to the motion of the spindle is a part of the mold itself formed inside the die according to the finished shape of the metal required. This end of the spindle is to be of a size of the hole required in the center of the finished shape of the metal, and it is movable outward for the purpose of forcing out of the mold or die the wheel when finished in the die. On this spindle at the other end of its axis is a fly wheel Z fastened to its end there as seen at lo, Fig. 2. By means of this spindle and screw `with the iy wheel at one sides and parallel to each other; upon the shaft V is fixed firmly the piece or box g, and which piece or box g extends between the side pieces f, f, and rests upon them, and has also projections or keys o which fit into and slide in the parallel slots so as to slide backward or forward on a straight line and so as to hold the shaft to which the piece or box is attached firmly, so that it shall have rotateral or upward or downward action, but shall be confined to its proper bearing or movement in a straight line. This movement forward or backward is produced by two screws Y passing through the aforesaid piece or bo-x g, on either side of the shaft, this piece or box g, Abeing pierced with holes having threads to receive the screws and is designed to give movement to the shaft V so as to give the pressure required and while the shaft is revolving with the die or swage attached to its other end. These screws have attached to their ends on the other side of standard B through which they pass, spur wheels Z Z, and acted upon by the smaller spur wheels or spindle or which is turned by means of the fly wheel Z.

h is a projection of B, and C is a standard both having boxes at their heads to receive the journals of the spindle i". The two spur wheels Z Z fit into each other and the one turns the other by an equal motion,

`motion being given to the first spur wheel n be of a size a little smaller than is required by turning the fly wheel Z attached to the spindle i, and smaller spur wheel.

The shaft V is provided with a fiange and threaded for a screw or one end to receive and firmly hold the die E, and this shaft has an upset or flanging enlargement, e, and is then brought do-wn to its former thickness and filling into the piece or box g, having a washer Z bolted to its end. Flanges or projections upon the standards B, B are raised where the shafts pass through them and the bearings of the shafts are'upon these projections and standards when the presf sure is applied by means of -the screws Y, Y'. The die or mold at the end of shaft V, is shaped so as togive to the metal placed between the two dies the form required on that V has a corresponding mold or shape for the other side of the met-al of the form required, so that when the two dies are brought together and the pressure and rotary motion given, the form required will be given to the metal by the combined 4 the wheels and screws attached, the mass of iro-n of the required weight being heated to a soft welding heat is placed within the die of shaft V. The fly wheel Z is then turned so as to bring the die upon shaft V in contact with the heated metal and the pulleys or drums A A are then set in motion in opposite directions by means of power belts and as the `shafts and dies are revolved and the metal operated upon, pressure is put on and graduated by turning the fly wheel Z by hand or other power. The more rapid the revolution of the shafts and dies the less time will be required to finish vthe operation and the faster the rotary motion the less will be the amount of pressure required laterally from the screw to complete the operation in a given time.

Vhen the dies come home together the wheel will be formed solid with a finished surface and welded or swagged or molded .and formed with the fibers or grain of the iron drawn and laid spirally in opposite directions on either side of the wheel. The heads of the dies should be so formed that -when they come together the head of one should fit into the head of the other as male and female dies. When necessary or con,- venient the shafts and dies may be placed vertically with corresponding changes in iother parts of the machinery.

The hole in the center of the wheel should for use, so as to admit of boring to fit it exactly to the axle for which it is intended. When a comparatively slow rotary motion is lgiven to the dies or swages of the mass of `metal to be acted upon may require a second heat; but the velocity, pressure and heating must be regulated to some considerable degree by the nature and quantity of metal to be acted upon and the form required and by the judgment of the operator. By this process lead may be drawn or swaged into wheels or disks and circular forms, the lead Vbeing used in a cold state; and so with tin `or other metals or alloys soft and ductile enough to be drawn or swedged in a cold or natural state. side, and the die or mold on the end of shaft l Instead of screws and pinion fly wheels for giving the pressure laterally to the dies, this force may be given to the shafts and dies `by means of levers so applied as not to interfere with the rotary movement of the shafts and dies attached.

The above described mechanical arrangements and combinations of machinery comprise in their operation a force or power opjerating for the purposes designed as above, `wh1ch force or power is the result of two different actions or forces, one force acting in the nature of direct pressure, theother acting in a rotary direction, the two coinbined and applied as above acting with greatly increased efficiency upon the metal subjected to their action and laying, carrying or swaging its fibers on the opposite holes of the mass in opposite directions.

What I claim as my invention, discovery and improvement is- The compressing, drawing, swaging or Working into shape Wrought iron car Wheels and other metallic disks by means of two dies or swages suitably shaped, one of which is forced toward the other, While it at the same time revolves on its ovvn center, its axes of revolution being the same as that of the disk which is acted upon; the other die being either stationary or having a revolving motion in an opposite direction to that 15 ment of machinery substantially as de- 2 scribed.

P. G. GARDINER.

Witnesses:

J. B. STAPLES, R. C. DOWNING. 

